{"id":1218,"date":"2020-06-10T11:22:34","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T11:22:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/colosseum.info\/?page_id=1218"},"modified":"2020-10-23T12:23:42","modified_gmt":"2020-10-23T12:23:42","slug":"arch-of-titus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/arch-of-titus\/","title":{"rendered":"ARC DE TITUS"},"content":{"rendered":"
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THE ROMAN TRIUMPH<\/h4>\n
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The Ancient Romans celebrated military victory by holding a <\/span>triumphus<\/span><\/i> \u2013 a parade into the city.\u00a0 <\/span>The Roman triumph<\/b> was a civil ceremony and religious rite dating back to Romulus that publicly celebrated and sanctified the success of a military commander who had successfully completed a foreign war.\u00a0 The triumphal parade took the <\/span>Via Triumphalis <\/span><\/i>from the Circus Maximus and turned left into the Forum and became the Via Sacra.\u00a0 From here the parade entered the forum and continued to the Capitoline Hill where sacrifices were given to the Gods in thanks for the victory.\u00a0 Huge <\/span>Triumphal Arches<\/b> were built later to memorialize these triumphs for generations to come.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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On the day of his triumph, the general or emperor wore a crown of laurel and a purple, gold-embroidered triumphal toga <\/span>picta<\/span><\/i> (painted toga) that identified him as near-divine or near-kingly, he was even known to paint his face red with <\/span>cinnabar<\/span><\/i> (mineral pigment) to resemble Jupiter. He rode in a four-horse chariot with the goddess victory (a slave dressed with wings) through the streets of Rome in a procession with his army (unarmed), captives, and the spoils of his war.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The triumphal parade was a public affair, the whole city gathered to see the <\/span>victorious emperor and his spoils enter the city<\/b>.\u00a0 These parades could last for days with gifts, money and food being given out to the crowd.\u00a0 A long train of carriages snaked through the forum displaying the spoils of war \u2013 gold, silver and precious objects – statues as well as animals and sometimes even trees taken from foreign lands. The prisoners of war followed in chains, trudged through the forum for all to see, they would soon be on sale at the slave market.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

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\"Caesar\u0092s<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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\"titus\"<\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Titus<\/b> was the son of the Roman emperor <\/span>Vespasian<\/b> and they, along with Titus\u2019 brother Domitian, made up the Flavian Dynasty. \u00a0 Vespasian and Titus were sent to Judea by<\/span> Nero<\/b> where they succeeded in quelling a revolt in 70 AD.\u00a0 The celebratory triumph held on their return to Rome was like nothing Rome had seen – resplendent with spoils from Judea including furniture and trappings from the Temple of Herod – the most sacred temple of the Jews, destroyed by Titus\u2019 troops.\u00a0 This parade and the spoils can be seen on the reliefs on the inside of the <\/span>Arch of Titus<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The arch commemorating the victory was erected later by <\/span>Domitian <\/b>in 81 AD, he ordered the construction of a triumphal arch to commemorate the victory of his brother and father.<\/span><\/p>\n

The arch was strategically placed at the summit of the Via Sacra<\/i> where the triumphal procession entered the forum, and in full view of the Colis\u00e9e<\/b> \u2013 the monument constructed by the Flavians with the gold and silver brought back from the war.\u00a0 <\/b>The Arch of Titus bears an inscription in its upper portion: \u2018The Senate and People of Rome \/ To the Deified Titus Vespasian Augustus \/ Son of the Deified Vespasian\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t

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This public dedication was a clever way to cement the Flavian Dynasty – relative newcomers to Roman politics – into the anals of history.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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The arch has a single passageway and is decorated with reliefs depicting the triumph of Titus and Vespasian over Judea. One side depicts the parade coming through a triumphal arch into the city with the spoils, including silver and gold tables and sacred trumpets; but the most striking image is of <\/span>the sacred candelabra of the Jewish people<\/b> \u2013 the <\/span>Menorah<\/b> (seven-armed candelabra) of solid gold which was over seven foot high.\u00a0 Opposite this, Titus is depicted with Victoria (goddess of Victory) in a four-horse chariot, surrounded by the senate represented by a man in a toga, and \u2018the people\u2019 represented by a man with a bare chest.<\/span><\/p>\n

Neither Vespasian nor Titus ever saw the arch, both were already dead by the time of its construction.\u00a0 In the underside of the arch, Titus can be seen flying on the back of an eagle towards the heavens, this is his <\/span>apotheosis<\/span><\/i> \u2013 the moment he becomes a god.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

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