{"id":203,"date":"2015-12-16T09:38:17","date_gmt":"2015-12-16T09:38:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/themewisdom.com\/demo\/wpm\/museum\/?page_id=203"},"modified":"2020-05-26T07:06:42","modified_gmt":"2020-05-26T07:06:42","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"HISTOIRE"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590475906828\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"about\">\n<h4>AN INTRODUCTION<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>The Colosseum has been <strong>standing in Rome for nearly two millennia<\/strong>. Well, at least one third of it has been standing. The other two thirds? We\u2019ll get into that later. Construction started on the Colosseum in 72 AD and it was completed in 80 AD. A mere eight years to build such a sophisticated structure is truly remarkable; however, it needs to be taken with a grain of salt, considering the <strong>tens of thousands of slaves<\/strong> who perished while building the Colosseum.<\/p>\n<p>The Colosseum was conceived of and constructed during the reign of the Flavian Dynasty. This Dynasty consisted of the Emperor Vespasian and his two sons, Titus and Domitian, who ruled after him respectively. <strong>Originally named the Flavian Amphitheater<\/strong>, after this Dynasty, the nickname of Colosseo would come later.<\/p>\n<p>La c\u00e9r\u00e9monie d\u2019inauguration du Colis\u00e9e dura cent jours, pendant lesquels des jeux furent offerts au public et d\u2019autres \u00e9v\u00e9nements furent financ\u00e9s par l\u2019empereur.Il y eut d\u2019ex\u00e9cutions publiques, de chasses aux animaux sauvages et de d\u00e9fis entre gladiateurs, qui enflamm\u00e8rent l\u2019esprit des foules. A un moment donn\u00e9, quand les sports sanguinaires devinrent d\u00e9mod\u00e9s, le Colis\u00e9e cessa d\u2019accueillir les gladiateurs et les empereurs du pass\u00e9. Durant les si\u00e8cles, il fut le sc\u00e9nario d\u2019occasions diverses et, au jour d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui, est le symbole et l\u2019ic\u00f4ne de Rome, capable d\u2019attraire de millions de visiteurs par an. <strong>celebrated with 100 days of games<\/strong> that were free to the public and funded by the emperor. There were public executions, wild animal hunts and gladiatorial battles that brought to life the roaring crowds in attendance. Over time, as bloodsport went out of fashion, the Colosseum was no longer host to the gladiators and emperors of the past. It served various purposes throughout the centuries and, ultimately today, is the<strong> iconic symbol of Rome<\/strong> that attracts millions of visitors per annum.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_center\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/shutterstock_772122523-400x500.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" alt=\"shutterstock_772122523\" title=\"shutterstock_772122523\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590475650967\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/3-1-400x500.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" alt=\"Julius Caesar_Ancient Rome\" title=\"Julius Caesar_Ancient Rome\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>AUX ORIGINES DU COLISEE : L\u2019EMPEREUR NERON<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>Before any discussion regarding the Colosseum can begin, <strong>the story of the infamous Emperor Nero<\/strong> must be told. Nero came into power at the young age of 17 after his adoptive father, the emperor Claudius, died suddenly. Nero\u2019s mother, Agripinna, was said to have been the driving force behind not only Nero\u2019s adoption into the ruling family, but also arranged for his marriage to Claudius\u2019 daughter, Octavia. There are even theories from classical sources that suggest Agrippina help Claudius\u2019 sudden death to come about &#8211; with the help of poisoned mushrooms.<\/p>\n<p>Initially, Nero garnered a reputation for generosity by making closed-door political trials open to the public and encouraging power-sharing within the Senate. Things began to sour when Seneca, one of Nero\u2019s key advisers, encouraged him to free himself of his mother\u2019s influence. This prompted Agrippina to turn against her son but, having already learned his mother\u2019s ways, had his mother killed in her villa.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">N\u00e9ron se d\u00e9dia \u00e0 ses passions artistiques et aurait chant\u00e9 et jou\u00e9 de la lyre \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de f\u00eates priv\u00e9es. De plus, il s\u2019entra\u00eena comme un athl\u00e8te et concourut en tant qu\u2019aurige. Selon de rumeurs circul\u00e9es apr\u00e8s le grand incendie de 64 apr\u00e8s J. C., qui d\u00e9truisit trois arrondissements romains et en endommagea beaucoup plus, N\u00e9ron en fut le responsable. Quoi qu\u2019il en soit, N\u00e9ron jeta le bl\u00e2me sur les Chr\u00e9tiens et en ordonna la pers\u00e9cution : certains d\u2019entre eux furent brul\u00e9s sur des b\u00fbchers qui servirent \u00e0 procurer la lumi\u00e8re aux f\u00eates des empereurs.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"#ededed\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590037752212\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>FLAVIAN DYNASTY: WHO BUILT THE COLOSSEUM?<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Le projet du Colis\u00e9e fut con\u00e7u sous le r\u00e8gne de l\u2019empereur Vespasien. Celui-ci et ses enfants, connus comme la dynastie flavienne, furent c\u00e9l\u00e8bres pour leur encouragement de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 du S\u00e9nat et de l\u2019\u00e9tat social. De plus, Vespasien bl\u00e2ma les exc\u00e8s de la cour romaine, pour lesquels ses pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs \u00e9taient bien connus. Bien s\u00fbr, l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019offrir la terre une fois poss\u00e9d\u00e9e par N\u00e9ron aux citoyens romains fut un excellent d\u00e9but. Ce geste symbolique fut la premi\u00e8re pierre du Colis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Les criminels auraient parfois \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 combattre ces animaux sauvages dans l\u2019ar\u00e8ne du Colis\u00e9e, leur exp\u00e9rience \u00e9tant diff\u00e9rente de celle des gladiateurs, car ils n\u2019avaient aucune arme ni protection. Les combats des gladiateurs \u00e9taient l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement principal pour la foule. \nQuelques-uns des champions gagn\u00e8rent le statut de c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9 parmi les Romains et certains m\u00eame obtinrent la libert\u00e9, car, apr\u00e8s tout, les gladiateurs \u00e9taient des esclaves).<\/p>\n<p>Les criminels auraient parfois \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 combattre ces animaux sauvages dans l\u2019ar\u00e8ne du Colis\u00e9e, leur exp\u00e9rience \u00e9tant diff\u00e9rente de celle des gladiateurs, car ils n\u2019avaient aucune arme ni protection. Les combats des gladiateurs \u00e9taient l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement principal pour la foule. \nQuelques-uns des champions gagn\u00e8rent le statut de c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9 parmi les Romains et certains m\u00eame obtinrent la libert\u00e9, car, apr\u00e8s tout, les gladiateurs \u00e9taient des esclaves). <strong>gladiator battles were the main event<\/strong> and peak of entertainment for the crowd. Champion gladiators gained celebrity status amongst the Romans and some even went on to win their freedom (gladiators were slaves, after all).<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_337336289-400x500.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" alt=\"shutterstock_337336289\" title=\"shutterstock_337336289\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590037404587\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_inner vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1546430_xhcJI-400x500.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" alt=\"shutterstock_1546430_xhcJI\" title=\"shutterstock_1546430_xhcJI\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>DIMENSIONS COLOSSALES : COMBIEN EST-IL GRAND LE COLISEE ?<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Proc\u00e9der \u00e0 la construction du Colis\u00e9e ne fut pas un objectif facile. L\u2019aire concern\u00e9e avait \u00e9t\u00e9 part de la Domus Aurea de N\u00e9ron et un lac artificiel avait occup\u00e9 la plupart de la vall\u00e9e. Les ing\u00e9nieurs furent capables de s\u00e9cher ce lac et d\u2019en atteindre le lit, o\u00f9 ils auraient pos\u00e9 les fondations du Colis\u00e9e. Un anneau elliptique, mesurant 31 m\u00e8tres de largeur et 6 m\u00e8tres en profondeur, fut excav\u00e9 et rempli avec du c\u00e9ment romain, qui ensuite fut entour\u00e9 d\u2019un mur de briques pour un soutien suppl\u00e9mentaire.<\/p>\n<p>With the foundation in place, construction could commence. Standing approximately 48m high, <strong>the Colosseum was the largest amphitheater in the Roman world<\/strong>. It measures 189m by 156m and covers roughly 6 acres of land. Traditionally, amphitheaters were dug into hillsides in order to receive adequate support but, being a freestanding made with stone and concrete, the Colosseum was able to arrive to <strong>colossal proportions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>La partie ext\u00e9rieure du Colis\u00e9e connut trois \u00e9tages distincts, chacun avec 80 entr\u00e9es avec arcade, qui \u00e9taient support\u00e9es par des colonnes semi-circulaires. Ces colonnes \u00e9taient diff\u00e9rentes \u00e0 chaque niveau : un simple Dorique au rez-de-chauss\u00e9e, des colonnes Ioniques au milieu et du Corinthien orn\u00e9 au troisi\u00e8me niveau. La combinaison de blocs en travertin, en provenance d\u2019une carri\u00e8re locale, et de statues dans chaque arcade donna \u00e0 la fa\u00e7ade du Colis\u00e9e son \u00e9l\u00e9gance incontournable.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Grace \u00e0 ces dimensions, le Colis\u00e9e put accueillir au moins 50.000 spectateurs (et m\u00eame plus, comme le prouvent les si\u00e8ges tr\u00e8s proches d\u2019autres amphith\u00e9\u00e2tres Romains. Les si\u00e8ges furent distribu\u00e9s selon l\u2019appartenance sociale, avec le plus haut niveau consacr\u00e9 aux citoyens moins importants. L\u2019empereur, les s\u00e9nateurs et d\u2019autres citoyens de haut rang eurent droit aux si\u00e8ges mieux plac\u00e9s le long du podium marbr\u00e9, qui entourait la v\u00e9ritable ar\u00e8ne. Le deuxi\u00e8me tiers fut r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux nobles, le troisi\u00e8me \u00e0 la classe moyenne et le quatri\u00e8me aux femmes et aux esclaves. Acteurs, fossoyeurs et gladiateurs de profession \u00e9taient tous bannis du Colis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"#ededed\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590037752212\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_inner vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>COMMENT LES GLADIATEURS DEVINRENT-ILS SI POPULAIRES ?<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Les combats entre gladiateurs \u00e9taient \u00e0 la mode bien avant la construction du Colis\u00e9e et rentraient dans les rites fun\u00e9raires des nobles puissants. On croyait que le sang humain et le sacrifice aideraient l\u2019\u00e2me du d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 se purifier. <strong>Jules C\u00e9sar<\/strong>, pour honorer ses s\u0153ur et p\u00e8re d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9s, <strong>organisa des combats entre centaines de gladiateurs<\/strong>. Ces spectacles \u00e9taient tellement populaires, en effet, que, vers la fin du premier si\u00e8cle Av. J. C., les officiers du gouvernement prirent l\u2019habitude de gagner la faveur du peuple en organisant des jeux subventionn\u00e9s avec l\u2019argent de l\u2019\u00e9tat.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Au tout d\u00e9but des combats, la plupart des gladiateurs \u00e9taient esclaves, criminels ou bien hommes provenant des terres conquises. Au fur et \u00e0 mesure que la popularit\u00e9 des jeux augmentait, de nombreux gladiateurs gagn\u00e8rent le <strong>statut de c\u00e9l\u00e9brit\u00e9<\/strong> parmi les Romains. Le cri des foules, aussi bien que le gain en argent, induisent beaucoup d\u2019hommes libres \u00e0 s\u2019inscrire volontairement. Tandis que ces hommes \u00e9taient, pour la plupart, soit combattants dou\u00e9s soit en besoin d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9 d\u2019argent, ceux appartenant \u00e0 la classe plus ais\u00e9e ne purent s\u2019abstenir de montrer leur habilet\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_1406907_vGshh-400x400.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" alt=\"shutterstock_1406907_vGshh\" title=\"shutterstock_1406907_vGshh\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\"><strong>Les gladiateurs n\u2019\u00e9taient point \u00e9conomiques<\/strong>. Ils vivaient et s\u2019entra\u00eenaient dans le soi-disant ludus et ces lieux avaient souvent leurs propres si\u00e8ges, si jamais les habitants locaux se rendaient assister \u00e0 leur entra\u00eenement. Le Ludus Magnus, pouvant accueillir 3.000 spectateurs, \u00e9tait le plus grand d\u2019entre eux et \u00e9tait connect\u00e9 directement au Colis\u00e9e par un tunnel souterrain. Les co\u00fbts pour h\u00e9berger, habiller et nourrir les combattants \u00e9taient \u00e9lev\u00e9s et leurs entra\u00eeneurs n\u2019avaient aucun int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 les perdre. De nombreux combats ne se terminaient pas par la mort, les d\u00e9fis avaient des r\u00e8gles strictes et \u00e9taient surveill\u00e9s par des arbitres, qui souvent les arr\u00eataient, si un gladiateur \u00e9tait s\u00e9rieusement bless\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>By the time the Colosseum was constructed, the battles between gladiators had evolved into a <strong>well-organized blood sport<\/strong>. The different classes of fighters were based on skill level, experience and fighting record. <strong>Highly specialized gladiators<\/strong> were equipped with particular weaponry and had a specific fighty style. The first type of gladiator was most probably the Samnite, coming from the Samnium region, whose equipment would consist of a small shield and <em>gladius<\/em> (small sword). Equites would enter the arena on horseback while the retiarius would be <strong>armed with only a net and trident<\/strong>. There were also <strong>female gladiators<\/strong>, though most likely their battles were not taken seriously. The Emperor Domitian was known to stage battles between women and dwarves. Eventually, female participation in the games was banned by the Emperor Septimius Severus circa 200 AD.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590037404587\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_inner vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/1-400x500.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" alt=\"1\" title=\"1\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>PALATINE HILL: HOME OF THE EMPERORS<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\"><strong>Le mont Palatin<\/strong> est souvent n\u00e9glig\u00e9 en raison de son voisin c\u00e9l\u00e8bre, le Colis\u00e9e, mais il <strong>joue un r\u00f4le important dans l\u2019histoire de Rome<\/strong>. La l\u00e9gende raconte que Romulus et Remus, fr\u00e8res jumeaux trouv\u00e9s et \u00e9lev\u00e9s par une louve, v\u00e9curent sur le mont Palatin.\nIl y a eu des \u00e9tablissements humains sur le mont palatin, selon les experts, d\u00e8s le 10\u00e8me si\u00e8cle avant J.C. Etant La plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre des sept collines de Rome, le Palatin \u00e9tait <strong>le quartier le plus d\u00e9sirable de la Rome antique<\/strong> et se donna le surnom de maison des empereurs et de la classe sup\u00e9rieure.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Le mont Palatin attira le \u00ab who\u2019s who \u00bb dans la Rome antique pour plusieurs raisons : le mythe li\u00e9 au Palatin ; il \u00e9tait au c\u0153ur de l\u2019action de la ville ; sa verdure apportait un soulagement bienvenu au climat chaud et humide de l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 ; et, peut-\u00eatre le plus important, c\u2019\u00e9tait <strong>un r\u00e9pit luxueux de la salet\u00e9 et du bruit des rues juste au-dessous<\/strong>, sans avoir \u00e0 quitter la ville.\nAuguste, premier empereur de Rome, naquit sur le Palatin et fit sa maison sur la colline. Pareillement, l\u2019empereur Domitien r\u00e9sida ici et des vestiges du stade de Domitien peuvent encore \u00eatre trouv\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Les visiteurs d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui peuvent avoir un aper\u00e7u de ce que la vie aurait pu \u00eatre au-dessus de la ville. <strong>Depuis les hauteurs \u00e9lev\u00e9es des empereurs, vous pourrez profiter d\u2019une vue imprenable sur la ville de Rome<\/strong> (accent sur le mot imprenable). Le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre oriental offre une vue sur la colline voisine de l\u2019Aventin, avec le Circus Maximus juste en bas : du luxe de son palais, l\u2019Empereur put profiter des courses de char qui gard\u00e8rent des milliers de spectateurs sur le bord de leurs si\u00e8ges. Le c\u00f4t\u00e9 occidental, cependant, offre une vue d\u2019oiseau du Forum romain \u2013 le c\u0153ur de la Rome antique.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"#ededed\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590037752212\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_inner vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>FORUM ROMANUM: DAS HERZ DES ALTEN ROMS<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Bien avant que le Forum romain ne devienne le <strong>c\u0153ur de la ville antique<\/strong>, c\u2019\u00e9tait un vaste terrain mar\u00e9cageux. Une fois drain\u00e9 par le premier syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9gouts au monde, la Cloaca Maxima, ce grand espace rectangulaire fut transform\u00e9 en un march\u00e9 public et en un espace de r\u00e9union. Avec son expansion et la construction de temples, il devint rapidement le centre vivant de la ville. Les proc\u00e8s, les discours publics et les c\u00e9r\u00e9monies officielles <strong>rendirent le Forum romain essentiel aussi bien aux politiciens qu\u2019aux citoyens communs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">Le Forum romain <strong>abrite les sites les plus importants de la Rome antique<\/strong>, encore visibles aujourd\u2019hui. Avec seulement huit colonnes restantes et pas grand-chose d\u2019autre, le <strong>temple de Saturne<\/strong> est un spectacle particuli\u00e8rement frappant. La massive <strong>Basilique de Maxence et de Constantin<\/strong>, le plus grand b\u00e2timent de Rome \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, servit de palais de justice et de salle de r\u00e9union. Sa conception inspirera plus tard les chr\u00e9tiens, lorsqu\u2019ils construisirent leurs premi\u00e8res \u00e9glises. Le Forum romain abrite \u00e9galement les <strong>arches triomphales<\/strong> de Titus et de Septimius Severus, dont le premier affiche de repr\u00e9sentations confuses du si\u00e8ge de J\u00e9rusalem op\u00e9r\u00e9 par Titus.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/20190417_124855-400x400.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" alt=\"20190417_124855\" title=\"20190417_124855\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Parcourant le sentier caillout\u00e9 de la Via Sacra, avec l\u2019Arc de Titus dominant l\u2019entr\u00e9e du Forum romain, les <strong>visiteurs peuvent suivre les pas des Romains de l\u2019\u00e9poque<\/strong>. Ici, de sc\u00e8nes de la vie quotidienne des citoyens Romains \u2013 des s\u00e9nateurs, aux marchands, aux prostitu\u00e9es \u2013 auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 jou\u00e9es. Dans le Forum romain, la foule des Romains aurait assist\u00e9 aux <strong>fun\u00e9railles de Jules C\u00e9sar<\/strong> et regard\u00e9 la cr\u00e9mation de son corps. Aujourd\u2019hui, des fleurs sont toujours pos\u00e9es sur l\u2019autel, m\u00eame si le lieu de s\u00e9pulture de ses cendres reste inconnu.<\/p>\n<p>Spectateur silencieux du pass\u00e9 turbulent de Rome, le Forum romain repose sous les d\u00e9bris les si\u00e8cles durant et devint renomm\u00e9 en tant que Campo Vaccino (\u201cchamp de b\u00e9tail\u201d). Finalement, au d\u00e9but du 19\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, l\u2019aire fut d\u00e9barrass\u00e9e par un arch\u00e9ologue et commenc\u00e8rent les excavations. Le travail se poursuit encore aujourd\u2019hui, avec de nouveaux espaces mis au jour et ouverts au public. Dans toute Rome, <strong>le Forum romain est l\u2019Endroit o\u00f9 vous pouvez v\u00e9ritablement \u00eatre entour\u00e9s de l\u2019antiquit\u00e9<\/strong>. <strong>the Roman Forum is the one place where you can truly be surrounded by antiquity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div><div data-vc-full-width=\"true\" data-vc-full-width-init=\"false\" class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_custom_1590037404587\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_inner vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-4\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div  class=\"wpb_single_image wpb_content_element vc_align_left\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<figure class=\"wpb_wrapper vc_figure\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_single_image-wrapper   vc_box_border_grey\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"vc_single_image-img\" src=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/shutterstock_6866065_kAmd6-1-400x500.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" alt=\"shutterstock_6866065_kAmd6\" title=\"shutterstock_6866065_kAmd6\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 32px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-8\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h5><strong>QUE DEVINT-IL LE COLISEE APRES LA CHUTE DE ROME ?<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"vc_empty_space\"   style=\"height: 50px\" ><span class=\"vc_empty_space_inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Au fur et \u00e0 mesure du temps, <strong>la popularit\u00e9 des jeux des gladiateurs prit \u00e0 d\u00e9cliner<\/strong> et les d\u00e9fis sanguinaires furent arr\u00eat\u00e9s au d\u00e9but du 5<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle. L\u2019Empire Romain lui-m\u00eame traversa de temps durs et sa primaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique et militaire fut grandement mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve. L\u2019argent autrefois d\u00e9pens\u00e9 pour entretenir les citoyens de Rome et pour maintenir le Colis\u00e9e dans un bon \u00e9tat fut n\u00e9cessaire, au contraire, pour la d\u00e9fense de l\u2019empire. Aussi, la nature joua son r\u00f4le dans le d\u00e9clin du Colis\u00e9e\u00a0: tout genre de <strong>feux, \u00e9clair et tremblements de terre <\/strong>contribua \u00e0 la ruine progressive de l\u2019amphith\u00e9\u00e2tre.<\/p>\n<p>The lavish decorations were plundered from the Colosseum &#8211; including gold and bronze statues, inscriptions, and marble that covered the walls and stairs. The absence of huge piles of stone and rubble leads visitors to ask: <strong>what has happened to the outer wall of the Colosseum?<\/strong> The answer is simple: <strong>the travertine was recycled<\/strong>. The damage suffered by the Colosseum, because of earthquakes and the like, lead to ready availability of stone and building materials used throughout the centuries in other Roman constructions.<\/p>\n<p>A long cry from its bloody past, the Colosseum had multiple uses throughout history: a chapel, a cemetery, a housing unit and workshop area. It was even used as a castle circa 1200 AD. Through all of its transformations, and despite being a bit broken,<strong> the Colosseum still stands today and gives its visitors a glimpse into the life of Ancient Rome<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row-full-width vc_clearfix\"><\/div><!-- Row Backgrounds --><div class=\"upb_color\" data-bg-override=\"0\" data-bg-color=\"#ededed\" data-fadeout=\"\" data-fadeout-percentage=\"30\" data-parallax-content=\"\" data-parallax-content-sense=\"30\" data-row-effect-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-img-parallax-mobile-disable=\"true\" data-rtl=\"false\"  data-custom-vc-row=\"\"  data-vc=\"5.5.2\"  data-is_old_vc=\"\"  data-theme-support=\"\"   data-overlay=\"false\" data-overlay-color=\"\" data-overlay-pattern=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-opacity=\"\" data-overlay-pattern-size=\"\"    ><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"AN INTRODUCTION The Colosseum has been standing in Rome for nearly two millennia. Well, at [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-203","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.6.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>History - Colosseum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"History - Colosseum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Colosseum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-05-26T07:06:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture est.\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"15 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/\",\"name\":\"Colosseum\",\"description\":\"Everything you need to know about visiting the Colosseum in Rome\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/de\/history\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/de\/history\/\",\"name\":\"History - Colosseum\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2015-12-16T09:38:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-05-26T07:06:42+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/de\/history\/\"]}]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=203"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":988,"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/203\/revisions\/988"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/colosseum.info\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}